Publications

Oliver Ryder, Ph.D.

Kholodova, M.V., E.J. Milner-Gulland, A.J. Easton, L. Amgalan, I.A. Arylov, A. Bekenov, I.A. Grachev, A.A. Lushchekina, O.A. Ryder. 2006. Mitochondrial DNA variation and population structure of the critically endangered saiga antelope (Saiga tatarica). Oryx 40. 103.

Kisha, T., O.A. Ryder. 2006. The role of bioinformatics in coordinating conservation efforts. DNA Banks — providing novel options for genebanks. Edited by M.C. de Vicente, and M.S. Andersson. International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome, Italy.

Romanov, M.N., M. Koriabine, M. Nefedov, P.J. de Jong, O.A. Ryder. 2006. Construction of a California condor BAC library and first-generation chicken-condor comparative physical map as an endangered species conservation genomics resource. Genomics  88. 711-718.

Li, Y.-C., Y.-M. Cheng, L.-J. Hsieh, O.A. Ryder, F. Yang, S.-J. Liao, K.-M. Hsiao, F.-J. Tsai, C.-H. Tsai, C.C. Lin. 2005. Karyotypic evolution of a novel cervid satellite DNA family isolated by microdissection from the Indian muntjac Y-chromosome. Chromosoma 114. 28.38.

Ostermann-Kelm, S.D., E.S. Rubin, J.D. Groom, J.R. DeForge, G. Wagner, P. Sorensen, S.G. Torres, M.C. Jorgensen, A.J. Byard, O.A. Ryder. 2005. Head to head. Wildlife Society Bulletin 33. 1456-1464.

Ray, D.A., J. Xing, D.J. Hedges, M.A. Hall, M.E. Laborde, B.A. Anders, B.R. White, N. Stoilova, J.D. Fowlkes, K.E. Landry, L.G. Chemnick, O.A. Ryder, M.A. Batzer. 2005. Alu insertion loci and platyrrhine primate phylogeny. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 35. 117-126.

Xing, J., H. Wang, K. Han, D.A. Ray, C.H. Huang, L.G. Chemnick, C-B. Stewart, T.R. Disotell, O.A. Ryder, M.A. Batzer. 2005. A mobile element based phylogeny of Old World monkeys. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 37. 872-880.

Bigoni, F., M.L. Houck, O.A. Ryder, J. Wienberg, R. Stanyon. 2004. Chromosome painting shows that Pygathrix nemaeus has the most basal karyotype among Asian Colobinae. International Journal of Primatology 25. 679-688.

Lau, J., E. Fernandez-Duque, S. Evans, A. Dixson, OlA. Ryder. 2004. Heterologous amplification and diversity of microsatellite loci in three owl monkey species (Aotus azarai, A. lemurinus, A. nancymaae). Conservation Genetics 5. 727-731.

Rovio, A.T., J. Abel, A.L. Ahola, A.M. Andres, J. Bertranpetit, A. Blancher, R.E. Bontrop, L.G. Chemnick, H.J. Cooke, J.M. Cummins, H.A. Davis, D.J. Elliott, E. Fritsche, T.B. Hargreave, S.M.G. Hoffman, A.M. Jequier, S.-H. Kao, H.-S. Kim, D.R. Marchington, D. Mehmet, N. Otting, J. Poulton, O.A. Ryder, H.-C. Schuppe, O. Takenaka, Y.-H. Wei, L. Wichmann, H.T. Jacobs. 2004. A prevalent POLG CAG microsatellite length allele in humans and African great apes. Mammalian Genome 15. 492-502.

Tserenbataa, T., R.R. Ramey, O.A. Ryder, T.W. Quinn, R.P. Reading. 2004. A population genetic comparison of argali sheep (Ovis ammon) in Mongolia using the ND5 gene of mitochondrial DNA; Implications for conservation. Molecular Ecology 13. 1333-1339.

Wang, Y.W., Y.C. Ding, P. Flodman, J.R. Kidd, K.K. Kidd, D.L. Grady, O.A. Ryder, M.A. Spence, J.M. Swanson, R.K. Moyzis. 2004. The genetic architecture of selection at the human dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) gene locus. The American Journal of Human Genetics 74. 931-944.

Yang, F., B. Fu, P.C.M. O’Brien, W. Nie, O.A. Ryder, M.A. Ferguson-Smith. 2004. Refined genome-wide comparative map of the domestic horse, donkey and human based on cross-species chromosome painting: insight into the occasional fertility of mules. . Chromosome Research 12. 65-76.

Yu, L., Q.-W. Li, O.A. Ryder, Y.-P. Zhang. 2004. Phylogenetic relationships within mammalian order Carnivora indicated by sequences of two nuclear DNA genes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 33. 694-705.

Yu, N., M.I. Jensen-Seaman, L.G. Chemnick, O.A. Ryder, W.-H. Li. 2004. Nucleotide diversity in gorillas. Genetics 166. 1375-1383.

Yu, L., Q.-W. Li, O.A. Ryder, Y.-P. Zhang. 2004. Phylogeny of the bears (Ursidae) based on nuclear and mitochondrial genes. . Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 32. 480-494.

Zhang, Y.-W., H.-R. Luo, O.A. Ryder, Y.-P. Zhang. 2004. Evolution of the tandem repeats in thymidylate synthase enhancer region (TSER) in primates. Gene 338. 47-54.

Zhang, Y.W., H. Zhang, G. Zhang, O.A. Zhang, Y.-P. Zhang. 2004. Using DNA from panda fecal matter to study wild-living populations. Pages 155-158 in Giant Pandas : Biology and Conservation. Edited by D. Lindburg, and K. Baragona. University of California Press, Berkeley, California.

Zhang, Y., O.A Ryder. 2004. Genetic studies of giant pandas in captivity and in the wild. Pages 88-89 in  Giant pandas: Biology and Conservation. Edited by D. Lindburg, and K. Baragona. University of California Press, Berkeley, California.

Karaman, M.W., M.L. Houck, L.G. Chemnick, S. Nagpal, D. Chawannakul, D. Sudano, B.L. Pike, W. Ho, O.A. Ryder, J.G. Hacia. 2003. Comparative analysis of gene-expression patterns in human and African great ape cultured fibroblasts. Genome Research 13. 1619-1630.

Lear, T.L., M.L. Houck, O.A. Ryder. 2003. Comparative cytogenetics and gene mapping in rhinoceroses. Cytogenetic and Genome Research 102. 357.

Myka, J.L., T.L. Lear, M.L. Houck, O.A. Ryder, E. Bailey. 2003. Homologous fission event(s) implicated for chromosomal polymorphisms among five species in the genus Equus. Cytogenetic and Genome Research 102. 217-221.

Myka, J.L., T.L. Lear, M.L. Houck, O.A. Ryder, E. Bailey. 2003. A comparative gene map for the onager, Equus hemionus onager. . Cytogenetic and Genome Research 102. 358.

Myka, J.L., T.L. Lear, M.L. Houck, O.A. Ryder, E. Bailey. 2003. Conservation of a Robertsonian chromosome polymorphism in the Equidae. Cytogenetic and Genome Research 102. 358.

Myka, J.L., T.L. Lear, M.L. Houck, O.A. Ryder, E. Bailey. 2003. FISH analysis comparing genome organization in the domestic horse (Equus caballus) to that of the Mongolian wild horse (E. przewalskii). Cytogenetic and Genome Research 102. 222-225.

Ryder, O.A. 2003. Genetic studies in zoological parks and their application to conservation: Past, present and future. International Zoo Yearbook 38. 102-111.

Ryder, O.A. 2003. An introductory perspective: Gorilla systematics, taxonomy and conservation in the era of genomics. Pages 239-246 in Gorilla biology : a multidisciplinary perspective. Edited by A.B. Taylor, and M.L. Goldsmith. Cambridge University Press, New York, New York/United States of America.

Yang, F., B. Fu, P.C.M. O’Brien, T.J. Robinson, O.A. Ryder, M.A. Ferguson-Smith. 2003. Karyotypic relationships of horses and zebras: results of cross-species chromosome painting. Cytogenetic and Genome Research 102. 235-243.

Yu, N., M.I. Jensen-Seaman, L. Chemnick, J.R. Kidd, A.S. Deinard, O. Ryder, K.K. Kidd, W-H. Li. 2003. Low nucleotide diversity in chimpanzees and bonobos. Genetics 164. 1511-1518.

Zhang, Y.-W., O.A. Ryder, Y.-P. Zhang. 2003. Intra- and interspecific variation of the CCR5 gene in higher primates. Molecular Biology and Evolution  20. 1722-1729.

Oakenfull, E.A., O.A. Ryder. 2002. Genetics of equid species and subspecies. Pages 108-112 in Equids: Zebras, Asses and Horses. IUCN/SSC Equid Specialist Group; Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan. Edited by P.D. Moehlman. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland, Gland, Switzerand.

Raudsepp, T., M.L. Houck, P.C. O’Brien, M.A. Ferguson-Smith, O.A. Ryder, B.P. Chowdhary. 2002. Cytogenetic analysis of California condor (Gymnogyps californianus) chromosomes: comparison with chicken (Gallus gallus) macrochromosomes. . Cytogenetic and Genome Research 98. 54-60.

Ryder, O.A. 2002. Cloning advances and challenges for conservation. . Trends in Biotechnology 20. 231-232.

Zhang, Y.-P., X.-X. Wang, O.A. Ryder, H.-P. Li, Y. Yong, P.-Y. Wang. 2002. Genetic diversity and conservation of endangered animal species. Pure and Applied Chemistry 74. 575-584.

Murphy, W.J., E. Eizirik, W.E. Johnson, Y.-P. Zhang, O.A. Ryder, S.J. O’Brien. 2001. Molecular phylogenetics and the origins of placental mammals . Nature 409. 614-618.

Murphy, W.J., E. Eizirik, S.J. O’Brien, M. Scally, C.J. Douady, E. Teeling, O.A. Ryder, M.J. Stanhope, W.W. de Jong, M.S. Springer. 2001. Resolution of the early placental mammal radiation using Bayesian phylogenetics . Science 294. 2348-2351.

Ryder, O.A. 2001. Primate Evolutionary Genetics. Journal of Heredity 92. 453.

Stauffer, R.L., A. Walker, O.A. Ryder, M. Lyons-Weiler, S.B. Hedges. 2001. Human and ape molecular clocks and constraints on paleontological hypotheses. Journal of Heredity 92. 469-474.

Zhang, Y.-W., O.A. Ryder, Y.-P. Zhang. 2001. Genetic divergence of orangutan subspecies (Pongo pygmaeus) . Journal of Molecular Evolution 52. 516-526.

Zhang, Y.-W., P.A. Morin, O.A. Ryder, Y.-P. Zhang. 2001. A set of human tri- and tetra-nucleotide microsatellite loci useful for population analyses in gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) and orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus) . Conservation Genetics 2. 391-395.

Chemnick, L.G., A.T. Kumamoto, O.A. Ryder. 2000. Genetic analyses in support of conservation efforts for the California condor. International Zoo Yearbook 37. 330-339.

Ding, B., O.A. Ryder, X. Wang, S.C. Bai, S.Q. Zhou, Y.-P. Zhang. 2000. Molecular basis of albinism in the rhesus monkey . Mutation Research 449. 1-6.

Groves, C.P., O.A. Ryder. 2000. Systematics and phylogeny of the horse. Pages 1-24 in The Genetics of the Horse . Edited by A.T. Bowling, and A. Ruvinsky. Centre for Biosciences and Agriculture International, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom.

Oakenfull, E.A., H.N. Lim, O.A. Ryder. 2000. A survey of equid mitochondrial DNA: Implications for the evolution, genetic diversity and conservation of Equus. Conservation Genetics 1. 341-355.

Ryder, O.A. 2000. Genome evolution in Artiodactyla and its relevance to conservation. Pages 295-301 in Antelopes, Deer, and Relatives . Edited by E.S. Vrba, and G.B. Schaller. Yale University Press, New Haven, Connecticut.

Ryder, O.A., A. McLaren, S. Brenner, Y.-P. Zhang, K. Benirschke. 2000. DNA banks for endangered species . Science 288. 275-277.

Ryder, O.A., A. McLaren, Y.-P. Zhang, S. Brenner, K. Benirschke. 2000. Preservation of DNA from endangered species — response . Science 289. 726.

Zhang, Y., S.K. Lawrance, O.A. Ryder, Y. Zhang, R. Isaza. 2000. Identification of monozygotic twin chimpanzees by microsatellite analysis . American Journal of Primatology 52. 101-106.

Gagneux, P., C. Wills, U. Gerloff, D. Tautz, P.A. Morin, C. Boesch, B. Fruth, G. Hohmann, O.A. Ryder, D.S. Woodruff. 1999. Mitochondrial sequences show diverse evolutionary histories of African hominoids . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 96. 5077-5082.

Hacia, J.G., J.B. Fan, O.A. Ryder, L. Jin, K. Edgemon, G. Ghandour, R.A. Mayer, B. Sun, L. Hsie, C.M. Robbins, L.C. Brody, D. Wang, E.S. Lander, R. Lipshutz, S.P. Fodor, F.S. Collins. 1999. Determination of ancestral alleles for human single-nucleotide polymorphisms using high-density oligonucleotide arrays . Nature Genetics 22. 164-167.

Kumamoto, A.T., S.J. Charter, S.C. Kingswood, O.A. Ryder, D.S. Jr. Gallagher. 1999. Centric fusion differences among Oryx dammah, O. gazella, and O. leucoryx (Artiodactyla, Bovidae). Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics  86. 74-80.

Sakagami, M., K. Hiromura, L.G. Chemnick, O.A. Ryder. 1999. Distribution of the ERE-1 family in Perissodactyla . Mammalian Genome 10. 930-933.

Zhang, Y.-P., O.A. Ryder. 1999. Primate evolution — in and out of Africa . Current Biology 9. R119-122.

Zhang, Y.W., O.A. Ryder, Y.-P. Zhang. 1999. Sequence evolution of the CCR5 chemokine receptor gene in primates . Molecular Biology and Evolution 16. 1145-1154.

Ding, B., Y.-P. Zhang, O.A. Ryder. 1998. Extraction, PCR amplification, and sequencing of mitochondrial DNA from scent mark and feces in the giant panda . Zoo Biology 17. 499-504.

Field, D., L. Chemnick, M. Robbins, K. Garner, O. Ryder. 1998. Paternity determination in captive lowland gorillas and orangutans and wild mountain gorillas by microsatellite analysis . Primates 39. 199-209.

Kingswood, S.C., A.T. Kumamoto, S.J. Charter, R.A. Aman, O.A. Ryder. 1998. Centric fusion polymorphisms in waterbuck (Kobus ellipsiprymnus) . Journal of Heredity 89. 96-100.

Leigh, S.R., O.A. Ryder. 1998. Chimp research [Response to Ann Gibbons’s article: “Which of our genes make us human?”]. Science 282. 47.

Oakenfull, E.A., O.A. Ryder. 1998. Mitochondrial control region and 12S rRNA variation in Przewalski’s horse (Equus przewalskii) . Animal Genetics 29. 456-459.

Zhang, Y.-P., O.A. Ryder. 1998. Mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequences of old world monkeys: With special reference on evolution of Asian colobines. Primates 39. 39-49.

Burrows, W., O.A. Ryder. 1997. Y-chromosome variation in great apes . Nature 385. 125-126.

Ryder, O.A. 1997. Conservation and ex situ population management. Pages 196-201 in Principles of Conservation Biology, Second Edition. Edited by G.K. Meffe, and C.R. Carroll. Sinauer Associates, Inc, Sunderland, Massachusetts.

Ryder, O.A., K. Benirschke. 1997. The potential use of “cloning” in the conservation effort. Zoo Biology 16. 295-300.

Zhang, Y., O.A. Ryder, Z. Fan, H. Zhang, T. He, G. He, A. Zhang, L. Fei, S. Zhong, H. Chen, C. Zhang, M. Yang, F. Zhu, Z. Peng, T. Pu, Y. Chen, M. Yao, W. Guo. 1997. Sequence variation and genetic diversity in the giant panda .  Science China Life Sciences 40. 210-216.

Zhang, Y.-P., O.A. Ryder. 1997. Mitochondrial DNA sequence evolution and conservation relevance of snub-nosed langurs . Chinese Journal of Genetics 24. 116-121.

Garner, K.J., O.A. Ryder. 1996. Mitochondrial DNA diversity in gorillas . Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 6. 39-48.

Ryder, O.A., R.C. Fleischer. 1996. Genetic research and its application in zoos . Pages 255-262 in Wild Mammals in Captivity: Principles and Techniques. Edited by D.G. Kleiman, M.E. Allen, K.V. Thompson, S. Lumpkin, and H. Harris. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois.

Zhang, Y.-P., O.A. Ryder. 1996. A molecular phylogeny of the superfamily Arctoidea . Chinese Journal of Genetics 24. 15-22.

Avise, J.C., S.M. Haig, O.A. Ryder, M. Lynch, C.J. Geyer. 1995. Descriptive genetic studies: Applications in population management and conservation biology183-244 . Pages 183-244 in Population Management for Survival and Recovery: Analytical Methods and Strategies in Small Population Conservation. Edited by J. Ballou, M. Gilpin, and T. Foose. Columbia University Press, New York, New York.

Eichler, E.E., C.B. Kunst, K.A. Lugenbeel, O.A. Ryder, D. Davison, S.T. Warren, D.L. Nelson. 1995. Evolution of the cryptic FMR1 CGG repeat . Nature Genetics 11. 301-308.

Houck, M.L., O.A. Ryder, A.T. Kumamoto, K. Benirschke. 1995. Cytogenetics of the Rhinocerotidae . Verhandlungsbericht des Internationalen Symposiums uber die Erkrankungen der Zootiere 37. 25-32.

Ryder, O.A. 1995. Zoological parks and the conservation of biological diversity: Linking ex situ and in situ conservation efforts . The Journal of Environment & Development 4. 105-120.

Ryder, O.A., A.T.C. Feistner. 1995. Research in zoos: a growth area in conservation . Biodiversity and Conservation 4. 671-677.

Stanyon, R., S. Tofanelli, M.A. Morescalchi, G. Agoramoorthy, O.A. Ryder, J. Wienberg. 1995. Cytogenetic analysis shows extensive genomic rearrangements between red howler (Alouatta seniculus, Linnaeus) subspecies . American Journal of Primatology 35. 171-183.

Zhang, Y.-P., W. Wang, B. Su, O.A. Ryder, Z. Fang, H. Zhang, T. He. 1995. Microsatellite DNAs and kinship identification of giant panda . Zoological Research 16. 301-306.

Zhang, Y., O.A. Ryder. 1995. Different rates of mitochondrial DNA sequence evolution in Kirk’s dik-dik (Madoqua kirkii) populations. . Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 4. 291-297.

Zhang, Y.-P., O.A. Ryder. 1995. Molecular evolution and conservation relevance of snub-nosed langurs . Pages 64-70 in Primate Research and Conservation, Proceedings of the Second China Primate Conference . Edited by W. Xia, and Y Zhang. China Forestry Publishing House, Beijing, China.

Váhala, J., V. Kaše, O.A. Ryder. 1994. Haematological and Biochemical Values or the Blood and Blood Serum of Captive Northern White Rhinoceroses (Ceratotherium simum cottoni). Acta Veterinaria Brno 63. 99-102.

Zhang, Y.-P., O.A. Ryder. 1994. Phylogenetic relationships of bears (the Ursidae) inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequences . Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution  3. 351-359.

Ryder, O.A. 1991. International cooperation in species preservation: The Przewalski’s horse reintroduction program . Annual Proceedings of the American Association of Zoological Parks and Aquariums 1991. 391-395.

Aman, R.A., O.A. Ryder. 1990. Application of advanced research technologies to the conservation and sustainable development of genetic resources. Wildlife Research for Sustainable Development.Proceedings of an International Conference held in Nairobi. Edited by J.G. Grootenhuis, S.G. Njuguna, and P.W. Kat. Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, Kenya Wildlife Services, and National Museums of, Nairobi, Kenya.

Garner, K.J., O.A. Ryder. 1990. Some applications of PCR to studies in wildlife genetics . Pages 167-181 in : Proceedings of Symposia of the Zoological Society of LondonNo. 64: Biotechnology and the Conservation of Genetic Diversity. Edited by H.D.M. Moore, W.V. Holt, and G.M. Mace. Clarendon Press, Oxford, United Kingdom.

Ryder, O.A., R.A. Aman. 1990. Saving species in their habitats: The transfer of genetics research technologies . American Association of Zoological Parks and Aquariums Annual Conference Proceedings 1990. 41-45.

Ryder, O.A. 1990. Transfer of genetics research technology: Examples of cooperation in species conservation in Kenya and Czechoslovakia . International Union of Directors of Zoological GardensScientific Session of the 45th Annual Conference 1990. 165-169.

Ryder, O.A. 1990. Goals of Przewalski’s horse breeding. 5th International Symposium on the Preservation of the Przewalski horse 1992. 105-107.

Ryder, O.A. 1990. Putting the wild horse back in the wild . 5th International Symposium on the Preservation of the Przewalski horse 1992. 328.

Ryder, O.A., W. Zimmermann, A. Bowling. 1990. Report on CMPWG visit to USSR September 28-October 12, 1990 .  5th International Symposium on the Preservation of the Przewalski horse 1992. 332.

Zimmermann, W., O.A. Ryder. 1990. Proposal for establishment of a Przewalski’s Horse Working Group 20 May, 1990 . 5th International Symposium on the Preservation of the Przewalski horse 1992. 326.

Garner, K.J., O.A. Ryder. 1989. Assessment of genetic diversity in gorillas by amplification of mitochondrial D-loop DNA. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry. Supplement 13E. 285.

Ryder, O.A., A.T. Kumamoto, B.S. Durrant, K. Benirschke. 1989. Chromosomal divergence and reproductive isolation in dik-diks. . Pages 208-225 in Speciation and Its Consequences . Edited by D. Otte, and J.A. Endler. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts.

Ryder, O.A., R.E. Benveniste, J. Jr. George, L.G. Chemnick, M.L. Houck, A.T. Kumamoto. 1989. Molecular and chromosomal evolution in the mammalian order Perissodactyla . Journal of Cellular Biochemistry. Supplement 13. 104.

Ryder, O.A. 1989. Recent advances in the applications of research in the genetics of small populations to the conservation of species in zoological parks . Pages 55-60 in Achievements of Zoos in Breeding Rare and Endangered Species of Animals . Edited by V. Spitsin. Ministry of Culture of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, Moscow, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.

Ryder, O.A. 1989. Genetic studies in support of conservation of gorillas. International Union of Directors of Zoological GardensScientific Session of the 44th Annual Conference 1989. 54-58.

Meyne, J., D.H. Wurster-Hill, T.C. Hsu, O.A. Ryder, O.G. Ward, H. Hobart, R.K. Moyzis. 1988. Evolution of human telomeric repetitive DNA sequence: Non-telomeric localization accompanying chromosomal rearrangement and speciation . American Journal of Human Genetics 43. A115.

Ryder, O.A., R. Massena. 1988. A case of male infanticide in Equus przewalskii . Applied Animal Behaviour Science 21. 187-190.

Ryder, O.A. 1988. Przewalski’s horse: Putting the wild horse back in the wild . Oryx 22. 154-157.

Ryder, O.A. 1988. Research frontiers in genetics: Future needs and opportunities in support of self-sustaining populations . American Association of Zoological Parks and Aquariums Annual Conference Proceedings 1988. 375-379.

Ryder, O.A. 1988. Genetic considerations in saving rhinoceros populations. Pages 118-123 in Technologies for conserving species: Saving the endangered rhinoceros.Hearing before the subcommittee on Natural Resources, Agriculture Research and Environmentof theCommittee on Science, Space, and TechnologyU.S. House of RepresentativesOne-hundredth CongressSecond Session . United States Government Printing Office, Washington, District of Columbia.

Lake, L.M., O.A. Ryder. 1987. Conservation and organization of a highly repetitive DNA fragment in the genus Equus. Journal of Cell Biology 105. 204a.

Ryder, O.A. 1987. Biochemical investigations of rhino systematics. Proceedings of African rhino workshop. Pachyderm 9. 5-6.